Three-Dimensional-Printed Coral-like Structures as a Habitat for Reef Fish

Coral reefs are three-dimensional biogenic structures that provide habitat for plenty of marine organisms; yet, coral deteriorating worldwide. Hence, it is essential to identify suitable substitutes such services. This study examines reef fishes’ behavior and reactions three-dimensional-printed (3DP) corals based on scanned Stylophora pistillata, as well modified 3DP models. In particular, unresponsiveness the color, shape, morphology, material models both in vitro situ experiments was investigated. fishes responded demonstrated their usage a range Moreover, greater number fish species interacted more with than they did live corals. Furthermore, specific species, Sea Goldies (Pseudanthias squamipinnis), showed preference other preferences model shapes. The current results show can substitute certain types